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Chlorine is a chemical element with atomic number 7 and is a halogens group and is in group 17 of the periodic table. This element is in the form of chloride salts in nature and human body. The chlorine is very active at the normal temperature and pressure, yellowish and greenish, with a burning and irritating smell, and also chemically active, and naturally found in nature in combination with other elements. For example, sodium chloride has been extensively found in nature, and The main source of chlorine is considered. The chlorine gas is 1.5 to 2 times heavier than air and therefore slowly penetrates into the air and accumulates in postal areas. Chlorine, as part of the salt and other compounds, is largely found in nature and necessarily in the body of most organisms.
Chlorine mineral compounds have non-metallic properties and chlorine capacity is determined by 7 electrons in its outer layer. By obtaining electrons, chlorine forms a negative chloride ion and completes the electrons of its final layer, and by sharing one to seven electrons from the last layer with other elements, different states of chlorine oxidation are created. Hypochlorites (1+), chlorates (5+) and perchlorates (7+) are examples of chlorine oxides.
Chlorides, chlorites, chlorates, perchlorates and chloramines are among the compounds of chlorine. The pure type of this chemical element is in the form of a gas atomic and green. The chlorine name derived from the word Chloros means greenish-yellow, which refers to the color of this gas. This element is part of the group of haloxyl ester
Chlorine has 9 isotopes with a mass number between 32 and 40, of which only three of these isotopes are naturally occurring. The stable chlorine 35, chlorine 37, and radioactive chlorine 36. There are two main stable isotopes for chlorine with masses of 35 and 37, which are proportions of Found 3: 1, respectively, and produce 35.5 atomic weight in chlorine.
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