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Including vitamin supplement NEO, PRO, MAX
Including NEO, PRO, MAX mineral supplements
Enriched with montesin, biotin and vitamin C coated
Reducing ammonia production in the rumen and increasing the flow of amino acids and peptides to the small intestine, improving the nitrogen balance in the body.
Removal of gram-positive bacteria in the rumen and improvement of feed efficiency
Increasing the production of propionate in the rumen and reducing the negative energy balance
Preventing the occurrence of metabolic diseases such as ketosis, acidosis and displacement of milk
Improving the metabolism of fatty acids
Reducing the concentration of non-esterified fatty acids in plasma
Improving liver function in fatty acid metabolism
Increasing feed consumption and improving energy metabolism
Improve body coverage
Preventing hoof waste and reducing lameness
Increasing the level of blood plasma immunoglobulins and improving the function of the immune system
transfer of iron ions from transferrin (present in plasma) to ferritin
Increasing the antioxidant property and reducing the formation of free radicals
Participation in cell oxidation and reduction mechanisms
Increasing the proliferation of lymphocytes and strengthening the function of the immune system
Reducing the harmful effects of heat and cold stress
Recent challenges related to how to estimate the needs of vitamins and minerals and inventing new techniques have led to the improvement of the nutritional needs of dairy cows. On the other hand, the increase in the genetic potential of today's livestock has prompted researchers to revise their previous reports and estimate the new needs of livestock with the current production level. The need of dairy cows for vitamins and minerals is influenced by various factors such as age, pregnancy stage and lactation period, etc. Currently, subclinical problems such as subclinical metabolic disorders, silent estrus, retained placenta, etc. are considered a big challenge in dairy cattle herds. It has been found that the low-use minerals and vitamins required for the optimal response of the immune system are more than the amount required for growth and reproduction. Therefore, when the animal is exposed to the lack of micronutrients, the first part of the body that will suffer is the immune system. Of course, this situation is initially sub-clinical, which causes great economic losses in dairy cattle herds, without such deficiencies being detectable in the herd. A strong immune system in an animal is a barrier against external factors and is very necessary for the proper functioning of other body organs. Dairy cows in the transition period (21 days before to 21 days after parturition) are more sensitive to such deficiencies due to inflammatory responses and metabolic stress. Decreased reproductive performance, occurrence of metabolic disorders and infectious diseases (such as mastitis) following the weakening of the immune system, decreased milk production, loss of body condition score, inappropriate body covering are considered to be cases of mineral and vitamin deficiency in dairy cows. become After all, due to the climatic conditions of the country and the low quality of fodder, the use of mineral and vitamin supplements will be inevitable for optimal herd performance and optimal production.
monensin
Monensin is a polycarboxylic ionophore that is added to the diet of dairy cows as sodium salt. Ionophores change the permeability of ions in the cell wall of gram-positive bacteria and selectively remove them. Changes in rumen microbial population through monensin will lead to increased energy efficiency, improved nitrogen balance and reduced risk of flatulence and lactic acidosis. Numerous studies in dairy cows indicate the positive effects of monensin on the metabolic system, health, production and reproduction. Monensin improves energy metabolism, increases production and efficiency of milk production and improves milk compounds, increases blood glucose, decreases ketone bodies (acetoacetate and BHBA) and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) in the blood and thus reduces the risk of metabolic diseases (such as ketosis and udder displacement), reducing mastitis, improving growth and feed efficiency and increasing body condition score.
biotin
Biotin is one of the B vitamins. Biotin is a coenzyme that is necessary for the activity of carboxylase enzymes, including acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase, propionel coenzyme A carboxylase, and pyruvate carboxylase, and for the synthesis of keratin, and is usually needed to stimulate the differentiation of epidermal skin cells. The National Research Council (NRC, 2001) requirements tables do not specify biotin levels for dairy cows, yet the vast majority of recent research findings support the use of this vitamin in cattle. Clinical studies in dairy cattle (adult or growing), sheep, and beef cattle showed improved hoof and coat health in animals fed 10 to 20 mg of biotin per day. Milk production has also been shown to increase when biotin is added to the diet of dairy cows.
Vitamin C
Vitamin C or ascorbic acid plays an important role in various mechanisms of oxidation and regeneration of living cells. This vitamin is necessary for the normal metabolism of collagen and plays an important role in the transfer of iron ions from transferrin (found in plasma) to ferritin, which is considered as a source of iron. Vitamin C acts as a strong antioxidant in the cell. This vitamin is very sensitive to light and oxidation conditions. Using its natural and unprotected forms is highly degraded by rumen microorganisms. Therefore, its coated forms should be used in vitamin supplements.
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