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Chlorine ion is the most abundant ion in the extracellular fluid. This ion regulates osmotic pressure, water distribution and the balance of positive and negative ions. The concentration of this ion is similar to sodium and the factors affecting it are also the same.
The measurement of Cl- concentration in plasma is done to differentiate between acidosis and alkalosis and calculate the anion difference. Measurement of this ion in urine is of clinical value in patients with metabolic alkalosis who are not receiving diuretics. Hypochloremia (depletion of chlorine) in renal salt loss with hyponatremia (depletion of sodium), and in cases such as bromide poisoning, SIADH (secretion of antidiuretic hormone), increased extracellular fluid, metabolic acidosis, persistent abdominal fluid secretion, and persistent vomiting. becomes
Hypochloremia is observed in dehydration, RTA (renal acidosis), renal defects and metabolic acidosis, type I diabetes and high salt consumption.
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