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Polystyrene is made from a foam material called expanded polystyrene or extruded polystyrene (XPS), which is valued for its insulating properties and flexibility. Polystyrene foam can be more than 95% air and is widely used for making home and appliance insulation, lightweight protective packaging, tourism, food service and food packaging, automotive parts, stabilizing systems. It is used for roads and stripes, etc.
Polystyrene structure
Chemically, polystyrene is a long-chain hydrocarbon in which variable carbon centers are attached to phenyl groups (the name given to cyclic benzene). The chemical formula of polystyrene is (n(C8H8); this material contains moles of the chemical elements carbon and hydrogen.
The properties of the material are determined by the short-term van der Waals adsorption between the polymer chains. Since the molecules are long-chain hydrocarbons made up of thousands of atoms, the overall attractive force between the molecules is large. Upon heating (or rapidly deforming due to the combination of viscoelastic and thermal insulating properties), the chains become more conformable and slide past each other. This intermolecular slackness (in contrast to the high intermolecular strength due to hydrocarbon persistence) gives flexibility and elasticity to this material. The ability of the system to deform at a temperature higher than its glass transition temperature allows polystyrene (and heat-softening polymers in general) to easily soften and form gonacones when heated.
Ordinary polystyrene
Polystyrene with the abbreviation GPPS, which is used for general purposes, should usually have properties such as good heat resistance, good impact strength, and good fluidity during the process. These polystyrenes have dielectric properties and high strength, that's why they are widely used in electrical applications. The brand name of this product in the Iranian market is Crystal.
Indications
For the production of disposable containers, electronic devices, clock bodies, televisions, radios, sports equipment, toys, cold insulation in the body of refrigerators, freezers and household appliances.
Resistant polystyrene
This type of polystyrene with the abbreviation high-impact polystyrene (HIPS) is resistant to impact and for this reason it is used in making containers and the body of household appliances. The brand name of this material in the Iranian market is Hypek.
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