Green house refers to a limited space that has the ability to control suitable environmental conditions for the growth of plants from different areas during different seasons of a year. According to this definition, among the functions of the greenhouse is providing the necessary and required environmental conditions for a certain product. Greenhouses are divided into fixed and mobile depending on the type of construction materials used in them. Fixed greenhouses are greenhouses whose construction materials are stable and durable. So you have to use them for years.

Types of greenhouse cultivation substrate

The planting bed of greenhouses are either soil or hydroponic (soilless), in soil cultivation, the roots of the plant are placed in the soil. In this method, nutrition management is easy and does not require much technical knowledge, but some of the food consumed is available to the plant. Soil-borne diseases always threaten cultivation.

In hydroponic cultivation, plant roots are placed in materials such as perlite, rock wool, lica, sand, etc., and nutrients are directly available to the plant, which reduces water consumption, reduces soil diseases, and increases yield per unit area. but it requires high technical knowledge and an experienced and expert manager, and the cost of construction increases by 15-20 percent.

Types of greenhouses

The greenhouse is divided into four categories based on its use:

TEACHING GREENHOUSE
RESEARCH GREENHOUSE
HOBBY GREEN HOUSE
COMMERCIAL GREEN HOUSE

TEACHING GREEN HOUSE

The main purpose of building these types of greenhouses is to teach trainees and students about the steps of planting, keeping, harvesting and managing the greenhouse, so the greenhouse must have soil and hydroponic cultivation facilities, this greenhouse must have all the standards of a commercial greenhouse, and the trainee must meet the conditions To be taught real work. The distance between rows of crops for the movement of trainees is more than other greenhouses. These greenhouses are equipped with all auxiliary equipment, heating, cooling, irrigation and control systems for temperature, humidity, CO2, etc. The equipment has the least noise pollution and the atmosphere of the greenhouse should be beautiful and attractive like all educational places.

The educational greenhouse should be usable in all seasons of the year, the suitable type of covering for these greenhouses is glass or polycarbonate sheets, polyethylene coverings (temporary covering) are not recommended in any way. Cost and return on investment are not desired.

RESEARCH GREEN HOUSE

The purpose of building these types of greenhouses is to research and modify the genetic structure, tissue culture, the effect of parameters of temperature, light, CO², humidity, ventilation on growth and development, to investigate all types of microbial, viral, fungal contamination and pests and diseases in flowers and plants. Therefore, the control of environmental parameters is different from other greenhouses. Installation of side and roof windows should be in such a way that there are no gaps between the window and its installation location.

Equipped with automation systems
The windows should be equipped with anti-insect nets.
Usually, the area of this type of research greenhouses is 250 to 500 square meters.
Covering glass or polycarbonate sheets
Usually, the type of cultivation is done hydroponically and on a platform.
The cost of building this type of greenhouse is very high.

HOBBY GREEN HOUSE

These types of greenhouses are mostly used to store pots and home ornamental shrubs. The beauty of the frame of these greenhouses is of particular importance for their use in open spaces of houses or gardens, the area of these greenhouses is small except for the cases where the space inside is used for reception or rest.

The main frame of these greenhouses is mainly made of galvanized iron and its cover is made of glass or polycarbonate sheets.