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Helium gas can be considered the second most abundant element in the world. Also, it is the second element in the periodic table, which is a colorless, odorless and inert gas. One of the applications of helium gas is in birthday balloons and semiconductors. Helium gas is a very light gas that is able to float in the air due to its low density. By inhaling helium gas, strange changes occur, which can be attributed to the low density of helium gas. When breathing helium gas, a squeaking sound is produced. In fact, the higher the density of helium around the vocal cords, or in other words, the higher the amount of helium gas in the respiratory system, the greater the vibration of the vocal cords.
Helium gas is not flammable and combustible due to its inertness. In fact, helium gas can be used as a coolant in a rocket ship or an MRI machine.
Breathing helium gas can be dangerous. This seems like a fun thing to do, but it should be avoided. Inhalation of helium gas causes dizziness and unconsciousness.
Preparation of helium gas
Helium gas usually exists both as a gas and as a liquid. Helium can be considered one of the most abundant elements on earth. In fact, 23% of the entire universe is made up of helium. Helium gas has the lowest boiling point for liquefaction compared to other elements. The reason for this feature is that helium gas is lighter than air, which moves to the outside of the atmosphere, because of this, the sources that we can supply helium gas with are very few and limited.
There are ways to produce helium gas. Helium gas can be obtained from natural gas. It is said that wherever there is natural gas, traces of helium gas can also be seen, it is normal that the amount of helium gas is different in each source and may be more in some sources than others. To extract and produce helium gas, its amount must be more than a certain limit so that it can be separated. Of course, there is a method to produce helium gas at home, that is by using vinegar and baking soda. The same reaction that was introduced as the volcano mountain during the school days.
Helium gas reserves and production
It should be noted that the total reserves of helium in the world are estimated to be approximately 41 billion cubic meters, and the main sources of helium gas are located in the country of Qatar. Other countries that have helium reserves after Qatar are Algeria, the United States of America, and then Russia. It is known that the annual production of helium in the world is 175 million cubic meters and the country that is the leader in helium production is America. The annual production of helium in Russia is 5 million cubic meters, although it goes without saying that there are areas in the Far East of Russia that have rich resources of helium, but do not have the necessary technology to produce helium.
In relation to the method of separating helium gas, there are two stages. The first stage is the process of low-temperature compression and helium concentration, and the second stage is the purification of helium gas from impurities such as methane, nitrogen, hydrogen, neon and argon, which make up the production of helium gas.
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