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pharmacology
Local anesthesia: This drug blocks the onset and the nerve impulse by decreasing the permeability of the nerve cell membrane to the sodium ion. This reversible action stabilizes the membrane and inhibits the depolarization process, resulting in the release of the potential of action Next, the nerve impulse is prevented.
Other effects: The effect of this drug on the CNS may be CNS excitation or depression. The action of this drug on the cardiovascular system may weaken the conduction and fecundity of the heart and dilate the peripheral vasculature.
Pharmacokinetics:
Absorption: The systemic absorption of this drug is complete. The rate of absorption of the drug depends on the location and method of administration (especially the amount of blood in the blood vessels and the bloodstream of the injection site), the total amount (in terms of volume and concentration), physical characteristics (such as the rate of protein transfusion and the solubility in the fat).
Distribution: Maximum plasma concentration is usually achieved within 10 to 10 minutes, and depends on factors that affect the rate of absorption. The concentration of drug after intravenous injection may be achieved within 1-3 minutes.
Metabolism: Lidocaine is metabolized in the liver.
Disposal: It is mainly excreted in the form of a metabolite through the urine. Lidocaine renal function may be followed by biliary excretion and re-absorption. Approximately 10% of the drug is excreted unchanged.
Indications:
• Caudual numbness
• Epidural anesthesia
Sympathetic nerve blockage
• Peripheral nerve blockage
• Infiltration
prohibited usage:
In the case of a complete block of the heart or severe bleeding or a little bit of severe blood pressure or shock
Caution:
Cardiovascular, cardiovascular or shock impairment (may exacerbate the effects of cardiac arrhythmias), history of allergic reaction, illness or liver failure (increased risk of poisoning due to decreased metabolism), history or context of malignant hypertrophy, inflammation or infection At the injection site (change in the pH of the injection site reduces the effect of anesthesia), kidney disease (the drug or meta bellites may accumulate), in young, elderly, very bad patients, or in patients who may be systemic intoxication Caused by local anesthetics are susceptible, history of CNS disease caused by infection, injury, or other disorders, disorders Coagulation due to anticoagulant or hematological disorders, history of headache, especially migraine history (may develop or exacerbate).
Drug Interactions:
Concomitant use of CNS drugs may exacerbate the effects.
With the simultaneous consumption of heavy metal-containing antiseptic solutions, heavy metal ions may be released from these drugs and may lead to swelling as a result of severe localized stimulation. The use of these drugs for anti-
Infectious agents are not recommended for use with anesthetic drugs. If you take these medications on the skin or mucous membranes before the administration of lidocaine, steps should be taken to prevent these complications.
If rapid absorption of large quantities of lidocaine occurs, it will aggravate or prolong the effects of neuromuscular blocking medications. If used with analgesics like opium, respiratory changes caused by opioid analgesics may be exacerbated.
In patients with high levels of spinal anesthesia or epidural, the effect of alfentanil on the vagus nerve may also be more pronounced, leading to bradycardia or a slight increase in blood pressure.
Concomitant use of beta-adrenergic receptor antagonists may result in lidocaine metabolism and may result in an increased risk of lidocaine poisoning.
Co-administration with cimetidine may inhibit lidocaine's hepatic metabolism and may increase the risk of lidocaine poisoning.
side effects:
Side effects are gene
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